Locking-nut.



PATBNTED APR. 4, 1905.

l A. V. BRYGE.

LOCKING NUT.

APPLIOATION FILED MAY 25. 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET l.

No. 786,725. PATBNTED 1905.

A. V. BRYGE,

LOCKING NUT.

APPLIUATION FILED MAY 25. 1904.

' l lUNrrnDV STATES vlatented April 4,' 1905.

PATENT Ormea.

ANDREW BRYCE, .OF ALLEGHENY, PENNSYLVANIA,'ASSIGNOR OF TWO- THIRDS TOMILTON BARTLEY, OF PlTTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA, AND

FREDEEOK ,BOWER OF AVALON,

PENNSYLVANIA.

LOGKINGfNUT.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 786,725, dated April 4,1905.

Application nea May 25.1904. sei-inno. 209,810.

To @ZZ whom it 721,601/ concern:

Beit known that I, ANDREW V. Baron, a citizen of the United States,residing at Allegheny, in the county of Allegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and'useiul Improvements inLocking-Nuts, of which the following'is a specification, reference beinghadtherein to the accompanying drawings, forming part ot' thisspecilication,

1o in which- Figure l is a view in side elevation of my improvedlocking-nut assembled. Fig. 2 is a plan view thereof. Fig. B'is a planview of the nut, showing the interior bushing. Fig.

A is a vertical cross-section on the line IV IV of Fig. 2. Fig. 5 is asimilar view on the line V V of Fig. 2. Fig. 6 is a horizontalysectional view on the line VI VI of Fig. 5. Fig. 7 is a perspectiveview, detached, ot' the 2o threaded bushing. 8 is a vertical sectionalview on the line VIH VIII of Fig. 9, illustrating a modiliedconstruction of nut and bushing having angular interior and exteriorfaces, respectively. Fig. 9 is a plan view' of Fig. 8. Fig. l0 is a planview of the nut detached. Fig. 1l is a vertical sectional view on theline Xl Xl of Fig. 9. Fig. l2 is a plan view ofthe bushing. Fig. lll'isa perspective detail view of the bushing detached. Fig. 11i

3Q is a plan view of a similar bushing, omitting the longitudinalturning recesses adapted to be turned by the iiat tapered faces. Fig. 15is a perspective view oi'l the bushing.`

My invention consists of an improvement in locking-nuts for bol-ts, &c.,of the class wherein aturning-nnt is provided with aninternal-threadedbushing adapted to engage the bolt under turning action oi' the nut andto gradually tighten upon it, so as to prevent 4o itsy loosening.Heretofore in devices of this character no eiiicient means having beenprovided for retaining the bushing within the nut, so as to preventseparationduring shipmentor handling, no1" to'limit the inward travel ofthe bushing by means entirely within the nut cavity.

. My invention has for its object to provide a more eiicient device asto these features to strengthen the parts and improve their operation,together with various other details of improvement, as will be morefully hereinafter set forth. I

Referring now'to the drawings, 2 is a turning-nut, ot' any suitableoutside form, in the inner cavity of which is mounted the threaded 5 5bushing 2, having a longitudinal slot li, adapted to allow the bushingto be compressed inwardly against the bolt-threads. The nut is providedwith o-ne or more inwardly-extending projections 5, extending for aportion or for` the full depth ol. the nut on its inner sides, adaptedto engage corresponding inward depressions or recesses 6, formed in theupper edge of the bushing. The bushing is also provided with one or moreannular projections 7 at its upper side, and these depressions andprojections preferably alternate, the pro- 'jections being of the normalincreased diameter of the upper edge of the bushing. The nut 2 is alsoprovided with corresponding de- 70 pressions 8, alternately arrangedbetween the projections 5, and when assembled the projections anddepressions or' the nut andbushing respectively interlit with eachother, suf* iicient clearance being provided., as shown, to allow forample movement of the bushing, due to contraction or expansion whenapplied to or removed from the bolt.

For the purpose of limiting excessive inward travel of the bushing underthe turning 8O operation and feed of the threads the nut is providedwith an annular limiting-shoulder 9, against which the lower edge of thebushing will abut when it has been drawn down liush with the top of thenut. Additional limiting means are also. provided by theinwardly-extending' lugs 1G, formed in the inner face of the nut 2between the vertical projecting lugs 5. rlhese shoulders l() are solocatedas to engage at 1l beneath the annular projections 90 7 of` thebushing at or about the time when the bushing is screwed down -liushwith the top and are designed to come into engagement only immediatelyafter engagement with the Vannular shoulder 9 should the bushing be 95forced past such shoulder. A further advantage of these limiting-lugs 10is that they positively arrest the inward travel of the bushing, andthereby relieve the nut from the lateral bursting strain due to thewedging action of the bushing as it is forced downwardly on the boltunder excessive pressure. By these means the limiting device positivelychecks the inward travel of the bushing when it ha reached the extremelimit of travel, so that it is impossible for the bushing to bearagainst the saine surface upon which the nut 2 bears.

rllhe body portion of the bushing beneath the shoulder 11 of the annularprojection 7 is slightly recessed, as indicated at 19, to provideclearance of the locking projections 10, while the lower portion of thebushing is preferably brought outwardly, as at 13, beneath suchdepression 12 into alinement with the j slanting face of the upperportion 7, such projecting portion 13 being adapted to extend slightlybeyond the inwardly-extending edges of the locking projections 10. Theobject of this construction is that the bushing may be presseddownwardly into the nut with sufiicient force to insert its swelledextremity beyoud the locking projections 10, the slot 1- allowing forsufficient contraction to acconciplish the insertion, while theresiliency of the bushing will cause it to spring outwardly when thusinserted, and it will be thus maintained in fixed connection with thenut. ln this position it is ready for application, and upon turning thenut motion will be imparted to the bushing by means of the intel-fittinglugs and depressions, and it will be screwed upon the bolt, tighteningits grip with each revolution. The tightening effect is secured, likeall devices of this type, by means of the sloping walls of the nut andbushing, respectively, and it will be observed that the upper and lowerportion of the nut and. bushing, respectively, conform to the line oftaper desired, while the intervening portions of both the nut andbushing conform to the other funetions already described.

The turning action of the bushing is done by engagement with therecesses 6 and projections 7 of the upper portion only. The projection 5of the nut is preferably extended clear to the base, so that by a singleoperation of reaming the interior of the nut may be finished and alsothe faces of the projections finished in one operation.

1t will be observed that the inner faces of the projections correspondwith the normal internal diameter of the nut at the bottom` and areparallel with each other, so that the operation of reaming is thus allthat is required to finish these projections, avoiding the necessity ofbreaching these portions of the nut.

Another advantage of providing the projections 5 on the interior of thenut is that the walls are not weakened, as by the more usualconstruction of grooves cut into the l wall; but my construction tendsto strengthen l and reinforce the nut.

In Figs. 8 to i3, inclusive, il have shown a modified construction forlarge-size bolts, wherein the bushing 3' is made in polygonal lform,having' angular exterior-tapered faces 7', adapted to interfit with andbe engaged by corresponding angua r interiiir-tapered faces 7" of thenut 2.. Vlhe bushing is provided with external grooves or depressionsf'. adupl ed to be engaged by corresponding internal projections 5 ofthe nut or with merely plainl sloping or tapered faces 7W, and willieither construction the bushing will be engaged und turned by the nut inthe saine i'nanner ulreudjy described, As shown in the drawings, alsothe corners of the bushing formed by the adjacent tapered faces Z' arefaced oil' from top to bottoni, providing faces 111, adapted to beengaged by corresj'ioiuling faces l5 of the nut, and it will be observedthat these faces l-t und 15 are parallel with the axial center of thebolt-opening and parallel throughoiu. 'l`ho faces 15 formstrengtheniiig-fillets in the rutL while these faces and the faces ilVbeing nontapering have no wedging action, but niorely engage each otherlaterally and have a rrlntive movement to each other longitiuliinilly. Aspecial advantage in the faces i-,t is that they facilitate themanufacture of the bush ing, which l propose making of :i rolled or castthreaded blank bent around into forni, in which the thickness is uniformalong the faces lll. These advantages of manufacture will more clearlyappeal' in a later application cow ering the method of making tholnlsliings. lt will be seen, therefore, that both the faces l-land l5,well as the bottoms of the grooves 6 and exterior of projections 5l, are:ill par allel with each other and with the axial conter of thebolt-opening. This is of especial advantage in assembling the nu t andbushing, facilitates their interengagcinent, und contributes to thestrength of the parts and their effective action.

it will be understood that the nuty i2' is provided withinwardly-exteinling shoulders or abutments across the tapered faces,:ind thi` bushing is provided with shouldeiz--` il and recesses 1 2underneath said shoulders, whereby the shoulders abut against saidabufinenls to limit the inward travel of the bushing in the same manneras already described. lbe recesses 1Q allow the bushing to be forceddown past the abutments, thus binding` the nut and bushing together toprevent disew gagement after being assembled. ln other respects the nutand bushing are similar to the form first described as to the turningund tightening operations, due to the tapered faces and the longitudinalslot, identified by tho numeral Lt'.

I n Figs. ist and 1C l show a bushing 3 merely provided with taperedflat faces 7"' and faced corners let without any other turning means, asthe grooves 6', and good results may be had with this forin of bushing..It will be understood that the shoulders ll and recesses 12 are alsopresent and desirable, though not shown in the drawings.

The advantages of myinvention will be readily appreciated by all thoseaccustomed to this class of devices. It is comparatively simple inconstructionv and effective in operation, the loss or displacement ofthe different parts is entirely prevented, the excessive inward travelof the bushing is rendered impossible, and the device as a whole is verypowerful'and eiective in taking and retaining a binding hold uponthebolt.

Changes and Variations may be made by the skilled mechanic in thedesign, proportion, and various other details without departing from theinvention, the number and location of the projections and depressionsmay be changed at will to suit different sizes or other conditions, orthe bushing may be made of a circular blank or may be-formed of amalleable casting or rolled blank provided with threads and bent upintoy circular forni; but all suoli changes and variations are to beconsidered as within the scope of the 'following claims.

l. A locking-nut comprising an outer unthreaded portion having interiorturning projections and tapered bearing portions, and an inner threadedportion provided with annular projections at its upper edge adapted tobe rotatively engagedbytlieprojections of the unthreaded portions,substantially as set forth.

2. A locking-nut comprising an outer unthreaded portion having interiorturning projections and bearing portions, and an inner threaded portionprovided with annular projections at its upper edge adapted to bekrotatively engaged bytl'ie projections of the unthreaded portionjandcapable of being forced down iiush with thc top of the nut,substantially as set forth.

3. A locking-nut comprising an outer un-l threaded portion havinginterior turning projections and tapered bearing portions, and an innerthreaded portion provided with annular projections and recesses at itsupper edge adapted to be rotatively engaged by said turny ingprojections, substantially as set forth.

4. A locking-nut comprising an outer unthreaded portion having interiorturningprojections, intervening depressions and tapered bearingportions, and an inner threaded portion provided'with annularprojections at its upper edge adaptedl to be rotatively engagedabutments, and a slotted inner-threaded tapered portion providerl withupper annular projections adapted to be turned thereby, and to engagesaid limiting-abutnients, and lower outwardly-expanding binding portionsadapted to be forced past said liniiting-abutnients and to bind againstthem to prevent displacement, substantially as set-forth.

6. In a locking-nut, the combination of an outer unthreaded portionprovided vwith vertical inwardly-extcnding turning projections,intervening tapered portions, and an annular limiting-shoulder; and aninner slotted threaded portion havingcorresponding tapered bearingportions and portions adapted to be engaged by said turning projections;said inner portions being adapted to be contracted by the outer portionto bind inwardly uponathreaded bolt and to pass down flush with theupper surface of the outer portion, substantially as set forth.

7. ln a locking-nut, the combination of an outer unthreaded portionprovided with ver-k tical inwardly-extending turning projections andinterior limiting-abutments; and an inner slotted threaded portionhaving corresponding tapered bearing portions and portions adapty 4 edto be engaged by' said turning projections, with correspondinglimiting-abutments; said inner portions being' adapted to be contractedby the outer portion to bind inwardly upon a threaded bolt and to passdown flush with the upper surface of the outer portion, substantially asset forth. l

8. A locking-nut comprising an outer untlireaded portion having'interior turning poi'- tions and tapered faces, and an inner threadedportion provided with exterior portions adapted to be engaged by theturnino` portions, and tapered faces; said outer and inner poi'- tionshaving interlitting surfaces extending longitudinally throughout theirlength parallel with the axis of the bolt-cavity, substantially as setforth.

9. A locking-nut comprising an outer iinthreaded portion having interiorturning portions and tapered faces, and an inner threaded poi-,tionprovided with exterior portions adapted to be engaged by the turningportions, and tapered faces; said outer and inner poi'- tions havinginterlitting projecting and recessed surfaces extending longitudinallythroughout their length parallel with the axis of the bolt-cavity,substantially as set forth.

10. A locking-nut comprising an outer untlireaded portion havinginterior turning portions and tapered faces, and an inner threadedportion provided with exterior portions adapted to be engaged by theturning portions, and tapered faces; said outei' and inner portionshaving interfitting fiat surfaces extending` longitudinally throughouttheir length parallel with the axis of the bolt-cavity, substantially asset forth.

l1. An internal threaded slotted bushing IIO for a locking-nut providedwith pnraliei inner and outer sides, outer tapered edging-feces, andupper rotating projections, substantially as set forth.

12. An internai threaded slotted bushing for a locking-nut provided withon ter project ing' and outer recessed. hearing-Surfaces parallei withthe inner sides, outer tapered We( p;- ing-faces, and rotating'projections formed by j IO said faces., substantially ne set forth.

13. An internal threaded slotted bushing-

